Experiences of 4th year nursing students at the International University of Management on the use of reflection during clinical practice in Windhoek, Namibia

Abstract

Reflection is important to nursing education because it gives students the chance to evaluate their real-world experiences, improve their learning, and promote professional development. However, little is known about how nursing students in Namibia engage with reflective practice. Therefore, this study was conducted to find the experiences of 4th-year nursing students at the International University of Management regarding the use of reflection during clinical practice in Windhoek, Namibia. The objectives of the study were to explore and describe the experiences of 4th year nursing students at the International University of Management on the use of reflection during clinical practice in Windhoek, Namibia. The study adopted a qualitative research approach together with an explorative, descriptive and contextual design, utilizing semi-structured interviews to collect data from 4th year nursing students. A purposive sampling method was used to select participants who were allocated on clinical practice. Data was analysed using thematic analysis to identify key themes. The key findings of the study revealed positive impact of external factors while reflecting on clinical practice, highlighting its benefits for personal and professional development such as enhanced confidence, self-awareness, enhancing their problem-solving abilities, clinical skills and preparing them for future independent practice. However, the study also identified hindrances such as time constraints, lack of guidance, insufficient orientation, inadequate supervision by senior nurses and attitude of staffs. Moreover, despite these challenges, the study found that the students who received positive feedback and support from their clinical supervisors were more likely to engage in reflective practices and demonstrate growth. The study concluded the benefits of reflection suggesting that a conducive learning environment plays an important role in shaping competent, confident and reflective nurse practitioners. Derived from the study findings, more structured and comprehensive orientations, mentorship or support system, end-of-shift debriefings and constructive feedback should be implemented to strengthen and support reflective practices amongst nursing students to ensure they are ready for their future role.